How to choose a kitchen hood over the stove: detailed information

Hood tasks

Any model of hood suitable for power is suitable for a gas stove.
Hoods for a gas stove perform the following functions:

• remove harmful substances and unpleasant odors from the kitchen air;
• ensure the safe operation of the gas appliance;
• maintain comfortable conditions in the chef’s work area.

When gas is burned and food is cooked, harmful substances are released into the air, which must be eliminated in a timely manner. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide appear when the stove is on. Increased concentrations of substances worsen your health and can cause poisoning. The process of frying foods at high temperatures is accompanied by the release of carcinogens, which, when accumulated in the body, lead to cancer.

Cooking is accompanied by the release of various odors, which spread throughout the rooms and linger for a long time, permeating the upholstery of furniture and clothing. The aromas of several dishes, when mixed, can ruin your appetite. The hood will significantly reduce the concentration of odors in the apartment.

A natural gas leak from a burner that is extinguished or not turned off cannot always be detected in a timely manner, especially during cooking. The hood will protect against explosion for some time and will help to detect a malfunction in a timely manner.

Simultaneous cooking of several dishes causes heating of the air near the stove, and hot steam creates inconvenience. Timely heat removal makes work more enjoyable. Built-in lights make working at dusk or in the dark easier.

How to determine the required size of a kitchen hood

Let's figure out how to choose a hood for the kitchen above the stove 50 cm or more. The dimensions of the hood must correspond to the dimensions of the hob. On average, the width of the slab is 45-90 cm. Therefore, hoods are made with such dimensions that they fit within this range. On sale you can find models with dimensions of 50, 60, 90 and 120 cm.

Note! The dimensions of the built-in hood must be equal to or larger than the dimensions of the hob. Otherwise, the hood will not cope with its responsibilities. Some of the unpleasant odors will begin to penetrate into other rooms from the kitchen. If the hood is slightly larger than the stove, then it will be able to completely absorb the resulting soot and odors.

In addition to the width, also consider the mounting height of the hood. According to all the rules, the product must be placed at a distance of 75 cm from the gas stove. If you have an electric stove, this distance should be slightly less - 65 cm. Only in this way can the hood duct remove all contaminated air, providing an optimal level of cleaning. In addition, this will eliminate the possibility of ignition of fat that accumulates on the surfaces of the hood.

How the devices work

For a recirculation hood, you need to buy replacement filters.
Based on the principles of operation of exhaust devices, there are varieties:

• diverting;
• recirculation;
• universal.

Devices of the first type remove harmful substances into the ventilation duct due to draft or using a fan. Separate mines are built in apartment buildings. The channels do not intersect with hoods from bathrooms and living rooms. Among all types of purifiers, diverting models have the highest performance.

The equipment operates in passive or active mode - with the fan turned on or due to natural circulation. This is convenient, since the air in the kitchen is constantly updated.

According to current sanitary and fire safety standards, not every home is allowed to install hoods with a forced operating principle. Before purchasing an exhaust hood with a fan, you should consult with the management company.

Grease trap for recirculation hood
During inspection and maintenance of a gas stove, gas service workers have the right to issue an order to dismantle the device with forced circulation. The requirement does not apply to apartments on upper floors.

Recirculation models are equipped with filters. The air passing through the device is cleaned of harmful impurities. There is no connection to the entrance ventilation duct. An important disadvantage of recirculation models is the need to replace or wash filter elements, which entails some operating costs.

First-stage filters that catch grease can be non-woven, paper, synthetic padding - they are disposable and must be replaced 5-6 times a year. Acrylic options can be washed several times in the dishwasher. The service life is limited to 1.5 - 2 years and depends on the intensity of use. Carbon filter elements are installed, as a rule, in universal devices that operate for air removal and filtration.

Combined devices operate in two modes simultaneously or it is possible to use one of them. The devices are powerful and provide maximum air purification.

Criterias of choice

The size of the hood must correspond to the size of the hob
Before purchasing hoods, individual needs are assessed. The choice is influenced by:

• geometric dimensions of the hob;
• dome shape and installation method;
• dimensions of kitchen furniture;
• the presence of ventilation shafts into which it is permissible to connect a hood;
• specifications;
• additional functions.

Each of the parameters is taken into account individually.

Dimensions

Power is calculated based on the volume of the kitchen space.
The width and depth of the hood should be equal to or slightly larger than the size of the gas stove. In this case, the rising hot air and steam will be completely removed from the room or filtered.

Taking into account the dimensions of kitchen furniture is important for aesthetic perception. Hoods are produced in various models - this makes the choice easier.

If the use of hoods with fans is prohibited in the house, you will have to install a recirculating model.

An important technical characteristic is the performance of the electric motor.

Code of Rules 54.13330.2016 requires a minimum air exchange of 100 m3/hour for rooms with a gas stove - you should choose a hood model with a suitable fan.

Form

A variety of models of kitchen hoods
According to the external shape of the model there are:

• dome;
• flat;
• T-shaped;
• telescopic;
• inclined;
• corner.

The dome version takes up more space, but completely covers the hob.

Recirculating hoods are most often flat.

Telescopic models allow you to increase the collection area of ​​polluted air due to the retractable section. When folded, the models are perceived as an interior detail.

A variety of telescopic hoods are “domino” models, which are cut vertically into the tabletop and pulled out as needed.

The inclined types of the device are convenient to use. The leading edge is raised up so as not to interfere with cooking.

Placement method

The most common are wall hoods, which are mounted on the wall above the gas stove.

Island models are those that are located in the center of the room.

Corner options are convenient in small-sized kitchens, when the layout requires this.

Additional functionality

Telescopic hood with manual control
In addition to performance, when purchasing, pay attention to other characteristics:

• presence of illumination of the working area;
• type of control, mechanical or electronic;
• noise level during fan operation;
• body materials.

Manual control using keys or buttons is more reliable. The electronic device allows you to select the required operating modes, for example, you can turn on the timer and the device will turn off on its own. This allows you to safely leave the house or go to bed without having to worry about the fan running continuously.

Usually, when purchasing, you can include the model you like in the window. The device data sheet indicates the noise level, which should not exceed 35 dB. It is uncomfortable to be in a room with a loud device.

Pay attention to what the device body is made of. Enameled metal is easy to clean from dirt and dust and can be washed with any household cleaner. The models are distinguished by their low cost. Stainless steel hoods are attractive in appearance, and the thickness and elasticity of the material allows you to create housings of various shapes. Cleaning will be necessary as you use it, as the surface gradually darkens. The cost is higher than that of painted products. Copper, brass, and bronze are used in design projects; hoods are sold at high prices. It will be necessary to maintain the surface in proper condition using special cleaning products.

Tempered glass best meets hygienic requirements. Combinations with non-ferrous metals highlight models in the highest price category.

Plastic housings are used in recirculating hoods. The material is subject to deformation from heating.

Example of forced ventilation calculation

For a specific boiler and taking into account the characteristics of the room where the unit is installed, a ventilation system with certain parameters is used, the calculation of which takes into account:

• boiler power,
• room size,
• features of the heating system configuration.

Based on these factors, the method of air supply is calculated, as well as the diameter and length of the air duct.

Only accurate calculations and competent organization of the hood guarantee the efficient and safe operation of a gas boiler.

Approximate calculation for a forced ventilation system in a room 4 by 3 meters with a ceiling height of 2.2 m:

1. First you need to calculate the volume of the room: 4 x 3 x 2.2 = 26.4 m³, rounded up (27 m³).
2. It is important to remember that the air must be changed three times in an hour, which means that the fan power should be 81. m³ per hour. This is a calculation without taking into account the force of air resistance when passing through the chimney.
3. To be accurate, add 40% to 81 m³. The result will be a figure that determines the required fan power of 113.4, when rounded - 114 m³ per hour.

We recommend that you read: How to install water supply for personal use and watering at the dacha using HDPE pipes with your own hands

General installation rules

Rules for installing hoods depending on the type of stove
Before installation, you should read the manufacturer’s recommendations, which are necessarily attached to the product data sheet.

There are several general rules:

• the minimum distance from the hob to the lower edge of the hood is 65 cm;
• it is optimal to retreat 75-80 cm, which will eliminate head impacts when cooking;
• air ducts are used in a constant shape or corrugated, which can be bent;
• there are no strict requirements for the location of air ducts; they can be hidden in cabinets;
• When purchasing, pay attention to the geometry of the outlet pipe; the channel must correspond to it.

The industry produces air ducts made of plastic. Before purchasing, it is important to find out whether it is intended for transporting hot gases.

The installation height cannot be reduced, especially for models with filters. At close distances, the electric motor heats up excessively, which reduces its service life. Heavily oil-contaminated filters can catch fire due to high temperatures.

It is not advisable to increase the distance - the suction power may not be enough for high-quality operation of the device.

It should be taken into account that during operation, corrugated channels can produce increased noise due to vibration. If the hood is located far from the entrance to the ventilation shaft, it is better to use air ducts of a constant configuration.

Premises requirements

The use of gas for heating, with all its advantages, can be very dangerous, therefore, when installing gas equipment, certain requirements are imposed on the room where the gas boiler is planned to be installed.

We recommend that you read: Why fire protection for air ducts is needed and how to choose it correctly

If the power of the unit does not exceed 30 kW and you plan to install the equipment in the kitchen, then the list of requirements that must be met includes:

• wall decoration should be made of fire-resistant material,
• room area - from 4 m²,
• minimum ceiling height - 2.2 m,
• total window area - from 3 cm² per 1 m² of room,
• the distance from the boiler to the wall is at least 10 cm,
• windows should be equipped with vents or transoms for free ventilation.

More powerful boilers are installed in separate rooms . The list of requirements for the installation site remains unchanged, only the volume of the boiler room increases (at 60 kW, the boiler room area should be from 15 m²).

Note! Ignoring even one of the requirements sharply reduces the safety of gas equipment, and also reduces the efficiency (efficiency) of the boiler.

Step by step instructions

Each type of hood has installation features, the observance of which allows you to use the device most efficiently.

Installation of recirculation models

After installation, it is necessary to install carbon filters.
Installation of hoods that do not require connecting air ducts is the simplest.

The operating algorithm is as follows:

1. Measure and mark on the wall the location of the lower cut of the hood.
2. Draw the vertical axis of the center of the device.
3. The locations for drilling holes are marked using a template or applying a hood to the desired location.
4. Drill holes for fasteners.
5. Install dowels or anchors.
6. The configuration of the upper holes, as a rule, involves hanging the hood on already screwed-in screws to hang the device.
7. Screw in additional lower screws (anchor nuts).
8. Install an electrical outlet.
9. Install a removable filter.

The installation is completed with a trial run and testing in all provided modes.

The installation procedure does not change for tilting or sliding models.

Installation and connection of diverter type models

Sequence of actions when installing a vent hood.
For diverting models, the operating algorithm is approximately the same as described above. After completing step 8 of the previous algorithm, the air ducts are connected.

For this:

1. They take the necessary measurements and draw a diagram.
2. Select parts of the required size, elbows, turns.
3. A grille is purchased for the air duct outlet.
4. The pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe and gradually mounted towards the ventilation shaft.
5. The channels are attached to the wall using clamps of a suitable size.

When installing the air duct, do not allow joints at sharp angles - this causes turbulence and reverse air flow. Keep in mind that each turn reduces productivity by about 10%.

When purchasing pipes of constant cross-section (not corrugated), preference is given to round products. They accumulate less dust and dirt than rectangular ones.

To remove air from the kitchen, it is prohibited to use ducts intended for ventilation of bathrooms and living rooms. If there is no accurate information about the purpose of the mines, contact the specialists of the management company.

Placement of island appliances

The island hood is connected to the ventilation and attached to cables.
It is most difficult to correctly install models located in the center of the kitchen - even small inaccuracies in markings and sloppy installation can ruin the attractive appearance of the structure.

Before installation, you must carefully study the features of the model and the manufacturers' recommendations. The devices are attached to the ceiling, so if it is suspended, install extension brackets.

The general installation principle is as follows:

1. Using a laser level or plumb line, carefully align the center of the future hood on the ceiling.
2. When installing the mounting bracket, it is important to choose fittings that can support the weight of the future structure.
3. Electrical wires are brought to the installation site.
4. Guides for the hood duct are attached to the bracket, having previously accurately calculated their length.
5. Place and screw the fan unit to the bracket.
6. Connect the fan and control unit to the network.
7. The decorative casing is put on and secured to the guides.
8. Install the filter unit.

Complete the installation by testing in all provided modes. If necessary, eliminate rattling and other identified deficiencies.

Features of installation in private homes

In individual housing, you can install any type of device.

If ventilation ducts are not provided for in the project, a hole is cut into the street or under the roof.

Otherwise, the installation process is the same as in the apartment. At the final stage, it is important to carry out hydro- and thermal insulation of the air duct outlet points.

Types of hoods

Regardless of the appearance and features of the internal structure, all kitchen hoods take in “exhaust” air rising above the stove. The fundamental difference is where the device sends this stream next.

Principle of operation

There are hoods for gas stoves:

• Abductors – devices with access to the street. In an apartment, this is a connection to the central ventilation shaft. In a separate house, the kitchen hood may have direct access to the street through a hole in the wall.

• Recirculation devices are devices that operate autonomously. They pass air through a filter system and release it back into the room.
• Universal - kitchen hoods that provide operation in both recirculation and exhaust modes.

Exhaust hoods purify the air 30% more effectively than recirculating hoods. They are equipped with reusable coarse filters that protect the device mechanism from contamination.

The recirculation mode of operation requires stepwise cleaning of the air flow. In addition to reusable metal filters, such devices are equipped with disposable carbon filters that require periodic replacement.

Note! An important advantage of a recirculation hood is that it can be installed in a room that does not have access to central ventilation.

Configuration and location

Based on their appearance, kitchen hoods are conventionally divided into:

• dome;
• flat;
• built-in;
• T-shaped;
• retractable

We recommend that you read: Do-it-yourself ventilation in the garage: photos, videos.

Dome equipment has the classic form of fireplace ventilation. They are distinguished by efficient exhaust operation and a fairly simple device. Can be mounted anywhere in the kitchen. Manufacturers offer high-tech and wood-look metal products for more traditional interiors.

Dome models require sufficient space and their installation is not always justified in small apartments. For small kitchens, flat models built into kitchen furniture or pull-out mechanisms are suitable. For example, a retractable recirculation model will not disturb the interior and will maintain clean air in a small studio.

T-shaped models are often installed in spacious rooms, where the gas stove and kitchen work area are located in the center.

Based on location they are distinguished:

• mounted;
• island;
• corner;
• desktop

Since the classification is conditional, any device except a tabletop one can be called a hinged hood for a gas stove. More often, wall-mounted hoods include a classically located wall hood of a dome or built-in type.

An island hood for a gas stove refers to all devices that hang from the ceiling in the center of the kitchen. Most often these are T-shaped models, but manufacturers also offer classic dome options and household appliances of exclusive design.

Angular. Here you can see from the name that the appliances are mounted in the corner of the kitchen. It can be an open dome type, built into a closet or hanging from the ceiling, but more often it is mounted on the walls.

Tabletop hoods are a separate type of device, a flat configuration, often with a retractable panel. These are compact mechanisms operating in recirculation mode. They are built into the countertop next to the hob or into the wall at the back, and pulled out if necessary.

How to bypass a gas pipe

In old houses, it may be necessary to move the stove or gas pipe.
In old houses, a common situation is when the gas pipe interferes with hanging the hood above the stove.

There are several ways to solve the problem:

1. Contact the gas supply company with a request to move the pipe. The option is long and not always feasible due to existing rules. Costs can range from 10,000 rubles depending on the region.
2. Move the gas stove using a hose of the required length.
3. Attach wooden blocks of the required thickness to the wall above and below the pipe. Installation should be carried out on a prepared base. You must be prepared for the fact that claims may come from the gas supply organization.
4. Use appropriately sized brackets. The rubber gasket under the hood will significantly reduce the noise from vibration of the switched-on electric motor.

Installing a hood is a job that you can do yourself - no special skills or abilities are required. It is important to follow the installation rules, then the effect will be noticeable immediately.